The digestive system, breathing and circulation systems all exist to provide the cells of human body with what they need for respiration. During this process, glucose( a sugar produced as a result of digestion) reacts with oxygen to release energy which can be used by the cell. Carbon dioxide and water are produced as waste products.
This reaction can be summed up as follows:
Glucose + oxygen-à carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
The above is called aerobic respiration because it uses oxygen from the air
Aerobic respiration
This type of respiration takes place in mitochondria in cells. These tiny rod shaped bodies (organelles) which are almost found in every cell have folded membrane which provides a large surface area for enzymes involved in aerobic respiration. Muscle cells contain lots of mitochondria because they use a lot of energy.
Why is respiration needed?
Respiration releases energy from the food we eat so that the cells of the body can use it. The cells need energy to carry out the basic functions of life. One of their main functions is to build up large molecules from smaller ones to make new sell material. Much of the energy released in respiration is used for these building activities.
Another important use of energy from respiration is in making muscles contract, muscles are working all the time in our body, even when we’re unaware of using them. For example, when we’re asleep our heart is beating, our rib muscle and diaphragm are contracting as we breathe and so one, and all of these muscular activities use energy.
* Finally we are warm blooded meaning that our body has the same temperature inside almost regardless of the temperature around us.On cold days we use energy to keep our body warm and in hot days we use energy to sweat and keep our body cool.
Anaerobic respiration
The energy release in aerobic respiration in muscle cells allows them to move. However, during vigorous exercise the muscle cells may become short of oxygen- the blood simply canot supply it fast enough. When this happens the muscle cells can still obtain energy from glucose but they have to do it by a type of respiration which doesn’t use oxygen- anaerobic respiration.
This type of respiration produces a different waste product called lactic acid which the body cannot get rid of by breathing in out like it does with carbon dioxide, instead, it needs to be broken down. This needs oxygen and the amount of oxygen need to break down the lactic acid is knows as oxygen debt. Even though our leg muscle stopped working, our heart rate and breathing rate stay high to supply oxygen until we pay off the oxygen debt.
Anaerobic respiration:
Glucose -à lactic acid + energy
Oxygen debt repayment:
Lactic acid + oxygen -à carbon dioxide and water
Questions:
1-–Define both, aerobic and anaerobic respiration? And how do they differ?
2- Aerobic respiration provides energy for the cells of the body, explain why cells need this energy and what do they use it for?
3- If you exercise very hard you often puff for some time after you stop, explain what is happening.
References,
- Fullick, Ann (2001). Biology for AQA. Chicago: Heinemann Educational.
- Brain, J. D. (2006, August). The merck manual home health handbook. Retrieved from http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung_and_airway_disorders/biology_of_the_lungs_and_airways/exchanging_oxygen_and_carbon_dioxide.html
References,
- Fullick, Ann (2001). Biology for AQA. Chicago: Heinemann Educational.
- Brain, J. D. (2006, August). The merck manual home health handbook. Retrieved from http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung_and_airway_disorders/biology_of_the_lungs_and_airways/exchanging_oxygen_and_carbon_dioxide.html
- Tamarakin, D. (2011, October 9). Stcc foundation press. Retrieved from http://faculty.stcc.edu/AandP/AP/AP2pages/Units21to23/respiration/alveolar.htm
- Peter. (2012). Anaerobic respiration articles. Retrieved from http://www.anaerobicrespiration.net/general/simple-definition-of-aerobic-and-anaerobic-respirations/
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ReplyDelete1) Aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria in cells. These organelles found in every cell have folded membrane which provides a large surface area for enzymes involved in aerobic respiration.
ReplyDeleteHowever, The energy release in aerobic respiration in muscle cells allows them to move. However,anaerobic respiration is the type of respiration which doesn’t use oxygen.for example when you exercise the muscle cells may become short of oxygen the blood simply canot supply it fast enough but they can still obtain energy from glucose.
2) Respiration releases energy from the food we eat so that the cells of the body can use it. The cells need energy to carry out the basic functions of life, for example for building activities like large molecules from smaller ones to make new sell material.
Another important use of energy from respiration is in making muscles contract
3) When the body cannot get rid of by breathing in out like it does with carbon dioxide, instead, it needs to be broken down. This needs oxygen and the amount of oxygen need to break down the lactic acid is knows as oxygen debt. Even though our leg muscle stopped working, our heart rate and breathing rate stay high to supply oxygen until we pay off the oxygen debt.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete1) 1)Aerobic respiration requires oxygen. It happens in cells when glucose reacts with oxygen.
ReplyDeleteglucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen. It happens when there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration.
glucose → lactic acid (+ energy)
2)Respiration is a process which releases energy inside each of the body's cells. The energy is actually contained in the bonds between the atoms of the glucose molecule C6H12O6 which is the basic "fuel" for most cells in the body.
This comes from carbohydrates in food which are processed by the digestive system, absorbed into the blood and passed around the body in order to provide the body with energy
3)The body takes in oxygen as you breathe in. It expels carbon dioxide as you breathe out. When you exercise, your body needs to produce more energy; therefore, the cells burn oxygen at a faster rate. This produces more carbon dioxide to be breathed out. The intensity of exercise affects your respiration rate because as you work your body harder, you begin to breathe faster and deeper. The more oxygen you take in, the faster and harder the cells in your body have to work to keep up the supply of energy. Speeding up gas exchange in the lungs is one reason intense exercise significantly increases respiration rate.
i want to add something that could be quite informative, aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria in cells. These are tiny rod-shaped bodies which are found in almost all cells. they have folded inner membrane which provides large surface area for enzymes involved in aerobic respiration. Muscles contain lots of mitochondria because they use a lot of energy.
ReplyDelete